2 pin 962498-1 Brown Fuel Injector Connector With Seals Junior Power Timer Connector 3.5 Series

Therefore, plating is extremely necessary to provide terminals with acceptable electrical conductivity and mechanical properties.

Automotive wiring harness structure diagram

Common terminal plating analysis

Tinned terminals

Tin-plated terminals can generally achieve good environmental stability during use, and because of their low cost, they are widely used in the market. The main surface treatment methods are dark tin, bright tin, hot-dip tin, etc. However, its shortcomings are also more obvious. First, compared with other coatings, its wear resistance is poor, with less than 10 plug-in cycles. Second, the contact performance will decrease with time and temperature. It is generally used below 125 ℃ environmental conditions. When designing tinned terminals, high contact force and small displacement must be considered to ensure contact stability.

Tinned terminals

Silver plated terminals

The advantage of silver-plated terminals is that they have good point contact performance and can be used continuously in an environment of 150°C. However, they are more expensive and are prone to rust in the air where sulfur and chlorine exist. They are harder than tin and have lower resistance. The coefficient is slightly higher than or equivalent to tin, and potential electromigration phenomena can easily lead to potential risks in connectors.

Silver plated terminals

gold plated terminals

Gold-plated terminals have the good contact performance and environmental stability of tin-plated and silver-plated terminals, and have excellent friction resistance. It is accompanied by its higher cost price among the three, but in fact not every terminal needs gold plating. When tin-plated terminals will wear due to low contact force, we can switch to gold-plated terminals.

gold plated terminals

Comparison of different terminal platings

With the rapid development of the automotive industry, the requirements for the development direction of new energy and intelligence have also put forward intelligent, refined and reliable requirements for various functional components inside the car, and automotive connectors have also gradually moved towards It is developing in the direction of high reliability, high density, miniaturization, high speed, standardization, integration and modularity. Miniaturization means putting more pins in a limited space, which means achieving high product density. Therefore, in the design of the connector, we have to consider the design of the insertion and extraction force. The insertion and extraction force not only affects the ease of assembly and disassembly of the connector, but is also related to the electrical performance of the connector.

The application of terminal plating can not only reduce corrosion on the surface of the terminal material, but also improve the insertion force state. To reduce the insertion force, you need to reduce friction. There are three main factors that affect the friction coefficient between terminals: material, surface roughness, and surface treatment. The surface roughness of different plating types is the smallest for reflowed bright tin and the largest for silver. The insertion force of terminals with different surface treatments is the highest for tin-lead, and the smallest is for gold. This is a comprehensive result of surface hardness and surface roughness. It can be seen that the insertion force performance of gold is better, and that of tin-lead is relatively poor. The pull-out force of different electroplatings has been tested and the pull-out force performance of gold is better, while that of tin-lead is relatively poor.

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